FAQ

Questions asked, answers provided.

What is a Privacy Ledger?

A Privacy Ledger is a blockchain that operates under a single entity. Privacy Ledgers uphold market standards by providing integrity, privacy, and proofs of controlled assets.

What is the throughput of a Privacy Ledger, and how is it achieved?

A single Privacy Ledger can process tens of thousands of transactions per second. Because each Ledger operates from singular nodes, there's no need for a consensus protocol.

Since the blockchain doesn't have to run multiple replicated nodes, the Privacy Ledger experiences better performance and greater throughput than with other ledgers.

What is the consensus protocol used by Raylz?

Though not required by Privacy Ledgers, Raylz allows for consensus protocols to be implemented through Commit Chains.

Raylz recommends using Polygon, GoQuorum, or Hyperledger Besu for deploying Commit Chains on consensus protocols.

How is privacy achieved in Raylz?

The Commit Chain doesn't show the parties, nor the amounts transacted. Transactions are end-to-end encrypted, and are only decrypted by the sender and recipient.

Additionally, the Raylz system is quantum-secure.

How is Ralyz quantum-secure?

Raylz uses a quantum-secure key exchange to obtain a symmetric key for transaction encryption. In addition, Raylz uses information-theoretic hiding commitments to conceal each party's balance. These measures prevent bad parties from obtaining information about the transaction, including parties involved, the number of transactions made, and the amounts exchanged in each transaction.

Is Raylz a Layer-2 solution?

No. Raylz doesn't rely on posting transparent data on an underlying chain, so it doesn't fall under the Layer-2 definition.

What cryptography does Raylz use?

Raylz uses the following cryptographic primitives:

• SHA-3 for hashing

• AES-GCM for (authenticated) symmetric encryption

• ECDSA for transaction signatures

• Pedersen commitments

• Bulletproofs for range proofs

• CSIDH and Swoosh for non-interactive key exchanges (NIKE)

How do you move assets between Privacy Ledgers?

Raylz uses proofs and direct node-to-node communication with Bridges. Proofs provides evidence to the destination chain that an asset exists, and that it was burned in the sender's chain. Along with a Bridge, Raylz ensures that the asset was destroyed in the sender's chain and created in the destination, and that the asset isn't duplicated in another Privacy Ledger.

How does Raylz increase decentralization?

Raylz allows each entity within an FMI to create an EVM-compatible Privacy Ledger and connect to a network with other participants. Unlike traditional approaches, there isn't a single entity running all the network's nodes. Therefore, each party can share what they want and truly keep the rest of their information private.

What are the benefits of using Raylz?

Raylz allows financial institutions to fast-forward their infrastructure to the latest blockchain technology with a simple, adaptable system. The quick configuration of the Raylz system allows you to connect to a decentralized world right away, without exposing your internal data to external parties.